Buy Now: The Shopping Conspiracy is a documentary that was released on Netflix a week before Black Friday. The movie reveals the shocking truth about how large corporations manipulate consumers to increase their profits at the peril of the consumer's wallet and the planet's health.

In this episode of the How to Protect the Ocean podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the recently released Netflix documentary, Buy Now: The Shopping Conspiracy. The episode focuses on the themes of consumerism, overconsumption, and their environmental impacts, especially in the context of the holiday shopping season.

Major Points Discussed:

Consumer Culture and Overconsumption:

The documentary critiques how companies like Amazon, Adidas, and Apple use persuasive marketing techniques to encourage consumers to overspend.

It raises questions about whether society has prioritized material possessions over experiences and relationships.

Environmental Impacts:

The film highlights the ecological damage caused by excessive consumption, including the disposal of unsold clothing, which contributes to environmental degradation in countries like Ghana.

It discusses the issue of e-waste, revealing how discarded electronics are often shipped to developing countries, leading to health hazards for workers who dismantle them without proper protection.

Textile Waste and Fast Fashion:

The documentary examines the fast fashion industry, showcasing how companies produce millions of items annually, resulting in significant textile waste that pollutes ecosystems.

It emphasizes the harmful effects of synthetic fabrics, which release microplastics into waterways.

Carbon Footprint and Resource Depletion:

The production and transportation of goods are linked to high fossil fuel consumption, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.

The extraction of raw materials for consumer goods leads to deforestation and loss of biodiversity.

Plastic Waste and Ocean Pollution:

Excessive packaging, often made from non-recyclable plastics, exacerbates the plastic waste crisis, harming marine life and ecosystems.

The episode stresses the urgent need for sustainable consumption practices to mitigate these issues.

Consumer Responsibility vs. Systemic Solutions:

While the documentary raises awareness about consumer manipulation, it also questions whether the onus of change should solely fall on consumers.

Lewin argues for the need for systematic solutions and corporate accountability to address the root causes of overconsumption and environmental degradation.

Personal Reflections:

Lewin shares his own struggles with impulse buying and the societal pressures to consume, especially during the holiday season.

He encourages listeners to think critically about their purchases and consider sustainable alternatives, such as thrift shopping.

The episode concludes with a call to action for listeners to reflect on their consumption habits and engage in discussions about sustainability and environmental protection.

Rebuilding fisheries requires information on fisheries stock assessments for each species. Collecting that data is not easy; it takes time and money to do. The Canadian Government is mandated to gather information on the 200 commercially fished species, but it's lacking. Not to worry. Ocean Canada has taken on the burden to collect and presenting the fisheries information in their Annual Fisheries Audit. 

In this episode of the How to Protect the Ocean podcast, host Andrew Lewin interviews Rebecca Schijns, a fisheries scientist with Oceana Canada, to discuss the findings of the 8th Annual Fisheries Audit. The audit aims to assess the health of Canadian fish populations and the effectiveness of fisheries management.

Key Highlights from the Audit:

Current Status of Fish Populations:

Just over one-third (35%) of Canadian fish populations are assessed as healthy, an improvement from less than a third in the previous year.

Approximately 34.5% of fish stocks are in an uncertain status, lacking defined benchmarks for sustainable fishing.

The remaining stocks are categorized as follows:

1. 13% in the cautious zone

2. 17% in the critically depleted zone

Importance of Audits:

Oceana Canada began conducting these audits in 2017 due to a lack of clear data on fishery health.

The audits compile publicly available government documents, stock assessments, and management plans to create a comprehensive overview of fishery status.

Positive Developments:

High-quality rebuilding plans have been developed for several critically depleted stocks, including mackerel and cod, with timelines for recovery.

Increased consideration of climate change impacts in scientific advice and management decisions.

A slight decrease in the number of stocks in the critical zone, indicating progress in stock assessments.

Concerns and Challenges:

Despite the positive developments, there is a slow rollout of the Fisheries Act regulations, with only 30 out of nearly 200 fish stocks currently covered.

The reopening of the cod fishery and increased quotas for capelin have raised concerns about overfishing, especially given the stocks' precarious status.

The episode highlights the need for stronger leadership and accountability in fisheries management to ensure sustainable practices.

Call to Action:

Rebecca emphasizes the importance of citizen engagement in fisheries management, encouraging listeners to stay informed and advocate for sustainable practices.

Oceana Canada aims to depoliticize fisheries management by promoting strong laws and regulations that can withstand political changes.

The episode concludes with a hopeful outlook for the future of Canadian fisheries, stressing the importance of collaboration and informed decision-making to achieve sustainable fish populations.

Link to the Report: https://oceana.ca/en/reports/fishery-audit-2024/

How do we stop over fishing? Fishing transparency is a great start. Many fisheries around the world lack the data to provide managers with the information to make better management decisions. The Coalition of Fisheries Transparency aims to work with their partners to help gain more information on each fishery. Maisie Pigeon, the Director for the Coalition, koins Andrew Lewin to discuss how transparency is made possible for fisheries. 

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses fishing transparency with Maisie Pidgeon, the director of the Coalition for Fisheries Transparency. The conversation highlights the significant challenges posed by illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, which contributes to overfishing, fisheries mismanagement, and human rights abuses in the fishing sector.

Key Points:

1. Lack of Transparency: The absence of transparency measures in fisheries management leads to various problems, including overfishing and exploitation of fish stocks. Many countries struggle to manage their fisheries effectively due to insufficient data on fish populations and fishing activities.

2. Complex Stakeholder Dynamics: The fishing industry involves multiple stakeholders, including governments, the fishing industry, scientists, and conservationists. The interplay between these groups can complicate decision-making and hinder effective management.

3. The Role of the Coalition for Fisheries Transparency: The Coalition is a global network of civil society organizations advancing fisheries transparency measures. Their goal is to ensure the sustainability and equity of the fisheries sector by promoting better data sharing and management practices.

4. Benefits of Transparency: Implementing transparency measures can lead to informed decision-making, increased accountability, and improved governance in fisheries. This, in turn, can help combat IUU fishing and promote sustainable practices that protect fish stocks for future generations.

5. Global Charter for Fisheries Transparency: The Coalition operates under the Global Charter, which outlines ten policy principles to enhance fisheries transparency. These principles include requiring unique identification numbers for fishing vessels, publishing lists of licenses, and ensuring public access to fisheries data.

6. Collaborative Efforts: The Coalition works with various countries and organizations to implement transparency measures. By fostering collaboration and sharing best practices, they aim to create a global community focused on improving fisheries management.

7. Future Goals: The Coalition plans to expand its reach and influence, particularly in regions lacking fisheries management. They aim to raise awareness about the importance of transparency at international forums, such as the upcoming Our Ocean conference.

The episode emphasizes that enhancing fishing transparency is a vital step in addressing overfishing and ensuring the long-term sustainability of fish populations. By improving data collection, sharing information, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders, the Coalition for Fisheries Transparency aims to create a more equitable and sustainable fishing industry worldwide.

Connect with the Coalition for Fisheries Transparency: https://fisheriestransparency.net/

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The impact of the avian flu of elephant seals resulted in the death of 17,000 individuals in a population in Argentina. Researchers think the marine mammals caught the virus from migrating birds near their haul out areas that are usually packed with the animals one on top of the other. Unfortunately, 97% of the elephant seal pups were lost resulting in a devastating loss for generations to come. 

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the devastating impact of the H5N1 avian flu on the elephant seal population off the coast of Argentina. Over 17,000 elephant seals died last year due to the outbreak, with approximately 97% of the pups affected. This significant loss poses a serious threat to the population's future, as elephant seals are a slow-growing species that take time to reach sexual maturity and reproduce.

The episode highlights how the H5N1 virus has adapted to marine mammals, allowing it to spread efficiently and evolve into distinct strains. The decline in the seal population and the loss of genetic diversity could make them more susceptible to future outbreaks and environmental stressors. The host emphasizes the importance of ongoing research, monitoring, and conservation efforts to mitigate risks and support the recovery of the elephant seal population.

Lewin expresses concern over the emotional toll of witnessing such a high mortality rate among the pups, which are crucial for the colony's future. He calls for increased funding and prioritization of conservation efforts to ensure the survival of this vulnerable species. The episode concludes with a commitment to follow the story and seek ways to help the elephant seals as a community.

Link to article: https://newsroom.wcs.org/News-Releases/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/23766/Elephant-Seal-Colony-Declines-One-Year-After-Avian-Flu-Outbreak.aspx

A new marine protected area has been designated in Puerto Rico to bring their total ocean protection up to 27%, 3% away from the 30 x 30 promise many countries have promised to meet. The US has a total of 26% of its ocean in marine protected areas.

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses establishing a new marine protected area (MPA) in Puerto Rico, which has increased the total protected area in their territorial waters to 27%. This new MPA, named Vega Baja and Manatee Underwater Gardens, spans 202 square kilometers (77 square miles) off the central north coast of Puerto Rico and encompasses vital ecosystems such as coral reefs, mangrove forests, and seagrass beds.

The designation of this MPA results from a 16-year effort led by local communities and NGOs, highlighting the importance of community involvement in conservation efforts. The local fishing community and ecotourism stakeholders played a crucial role in advocating for the protection of this area, recognizing its significance for sustainable fishing and tourism.

Lewin emphasizes that the success of the MPA relies on a co-management plan that balances human activities with ecological preservation. This approach involves local knowledge and traditional practices, ensuring that the management decisions reflect the needs and insights of those who rely on marine resources.

The episode underscores the importance of protecting these ecosystems not only for biodiversity but also for the economic well-being of the local community. By establishing this MPA, Puerto Rico is making strides toward the global goal of protecting 30% of land and water by 2030, showcasing a model for community-led conservation efforts. Lewin invites listeners, especially those from Puerto Rico, to share their thoughts and experiences regarding this significant development in marine conservation.

Link to article: https://news.mongabay.com/short-article/local-groups-drive-creation-of-new-puerto-rico-marine-protected-area/

In this episode of the How to Protect the Ocean podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses practical ways for individuals to reduce their carbon footprint. Here are the key strategies highlighted:

Calculate Your Carbon Footprint: Start by determining your current carbon footprint using a reliable calculator. Understanding your baseline is essential for tracking progress.

Food Choices:

• Opt for Plant-Based Diets: Shift from meat, especially beef, to more plant-based proteins. This can significantly reduce your food-related carbon emissions by 50-80%.
• Buy Local: Purchase food from local farmers or farmers' markets to minimize the carbon footprint associated with transportation and mass production. Local farm food is generally more sustainable than imported or factory-farmed options.

Clothing Purchases:

• Avoid Fast Fashion: Steer clear of fast fashion brands that use synthetic fibers. Instead, consider investing in higher-quality, sustainable clothing made from natural materials like wool.
• Thrift Shopping: Buy second-hand clothes from thrift shops to reduce waste and avoid contributing to the fast fashion cycle.

Sustainable Business Practices:

If you are in a position to influence workplace policies, advocate for sustainable practices. This can include forming employee-led sustainability committees to promote eco-friendly initiatives.

Implement energy-efficient solutions, such as replacing incandescent light bulbs with energy-efficient alternatives, which can drastically reduce power consumption.

By following these steps, individuals can not only lower their carbon footprint but also contribute to a more sustainable future. Andrew encourages listeners to share their experiences and progress in reducing their carbon footprint.

Link to article: https://www.forbes.com/sites/leighcuen/2024/11/10/how-to-reduce-your-carbon-footprint/

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the pressing issue of plastic pollution and highlights a promising biological solution involving African mealworms.

The episode focuses on the Kenyan lesser mealworm, a larval form of the Alphitobius darkling beetle, which has shown the ability to break down polystyrene, commonly known as styrofoam. This capability is attributed to the unique microbes and bacteria in the mealworms' gut. Researchers are studying these gut bacteria to identify specific communities that facilitate the degradation of plastic materials.

Key findings from the research indicate that the mealworms can effectively digest polystyrene when provided with a nutrient-rich diet, such as bran, alongside the styrofoam. This balanced diet appears to enhance the production of the necessary bacteria and enzymes to break down plastic. The study revealed significant shifts in bacterial composition based on the mealworms' diet, suggesting that the gut microbiome adapts to optimize plastic degradation.

The episode emphasizes the potential of harnessing these naturally occurring bacteria and enzymes for large-scale applications in plastic waste management, particularly in regions like Africa, where plastic waste poses significant environmental challenges. By isolating and utilizing these microbial communities, there is hope for developing innovative methods to biologically process plastic waste, reducing reliance on harmful chemical recycling methods.

The podcast presents a hopeful perspective on using biological solutions, like the African mealworm, to combat plastic pollution and promote environmental conservation.

Link to article: https://theconversation.com/plastic-eating-insect-discovered-in-kenya-242787

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the significant return of the Southern Resident orca population, specifically L-Pod, to Penn Cove, Washington, after more than 50 years. This return is particularly poignant given the tragic history of the area, where in the 1970s, a brutal capture event took place. During this event, 80 orcas were corralled using bombs and boats, resulting in the deaths of five orcas and the capture of many others, including Tokite, also known as Lolita, who spent 50 years in captivity before passing away in 2023.

The emotional response from the local community and researchers upon witnessing the orcas return to Penn Cove was captured in videos, marking a full-circle moment for a population that has faced significant trauma. While the reasons for their return remain unclear—whether it was due to food availability or exploration—the event symbolizes hope for the future of the critically endangered Southern Resident orcas, whose numbers have dwindled from around 150 individuals to just 71-73 today.

Lewin emphasizes the importance of protecting the orcas' habitat and food sources, particularly their preferred prey, salmon, which has been declining due to various environmental factors. The episode highlights the resilience of these intelligent creatures and the joy of their return, serving as a reminder of the ongoing efforts needed to ensure their survival and recovery.

Link to article: https://www.greenmatters.com/news/penn-cove-orca-capture

U of Washington and Orcas: https://marinebiology.uw.edu/2022/10/13/from-detection-to-protection-orca-research-and-conservation/

Are you sick of hearing about plastic straws? Andrew Santino, a comedian, doesn't think that plastic straws are hurting sea turtles even though a video went viral for a scientist pulling a plastic straw from a sea turtle's nose in Costa Rica. Four months later, the same scientist pulled a plastic fork from a sea turtle's nose about 70 kilometres from the original site. 

In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the influence of comedy on public perception, particularly regarding the anti-single-use plastic movement. He begins by referencing a stand-up bit by comedian Andrew Santino, who humorously questions the narrative surrounding plastic straws and their impact on sea turtles. Santino's comedic approach raises concerns for Lewin, who worries that audiences may take such jokes seriously and dismiss the real issues of plastic pollution.

Lewin emphasizes that while comedy can be entertaining, it can also perpetuate misinformation. He highlights the viral incident of a sea turtle with a plastic straw lodged in its nose, which became a symbol for the dangers of single-use plastics. Despite the comedic dismissal of such incidents, Lewin argues that they are significant and represent a larger problem of plastic pollution affecting marine life.

The episode underscores the power comedians hold in shaping public discourse. Lewin points out that many people rely on comedians for information, which can lead to misunderstandings about environmental issues. He expresses concern that jokes trivializing the impact of plastics may lead to apathy or skepticism about the anti-single-use plastic movement.

Ultimately, Lewin calls for a deeper understanding of the issue, urging listeners to recognize plastic straws as a gateway to the broader problem of plastic pollution. He invites feedback from the audience on their thoughts regarding the role of comedy in environmental advocacy, highlighting the need for accurate communication in the fight against plastic waste.

Video of Sea Turtle with Plastic Straw in its nose: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wH878t78bw&t=401s

Video of Sea Turtle with Plastic Fork in its nose: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRiTABRQOjk&t=8s